Summary about Theoretical Results of the 9th International Conference on Cold Fusion

For summarizing theoretical papers of the ICCF9 conference, a short reminder should be given about some significant experimental results that can form a basis for a theory of low energy nuclear reactions (LENR). For a more historic view, the motivation for the Fleischmann-Pons experiment or the Preparata effect were well explained while-as an unusual view-L. Case reported that experiments may be understood by a simple chemical process involving catalytic surface properties. This could also explain why heat production happens in some cases and not in other cases. Contrary to this is the history of the observation of neutron emission from palladium compounds [1] or from deuterated palladium [2] that indicate nuclear processes. Today we have the significant result of Tian, Li et al [3] that the reaction of palladium wires after reacting with a hydrogen atmosphere during a current discharge, when the energy input was stopped and the gas e v a c u a t e d , g e n e r a t e d " h e a t a f t e r d e a d " f o r 4 3 h o u r s p r o d u c i n g a b o u t 3. 6 k W/ c m 3 or 13 keV/atom Pd. There are further the clear measurements of the change of the isotope ratio of lithium against that of natural lithium after the proton or deuteron reactions in palladium (Passell) [4]. Miley et al. [5] reported in a series of repeated cases that the reacting Pd/Ni layers after proton intake emitted alphas as seen in CR-39 foils evaluated in Dubna. This is similar to observations by Li et al [6] where some of the patterns in CR-39 were identified to be produced by alphas but also by MeV nuclei of larger size than helium. The reaction products from these LENR showed bremsstrahlung of less than 25 keV energy (Miley) in numbers comparable with the patterns in the CR-39. Several other experiments of heat production and/ or nuclear synthesis or splitting were reported at the conference to be furthermore checked, but the report from the Mitsubishi Research Center (Itoh et al) as specially underlined by Tom Dolan, with the generation of Pr, Mo or Ba need special attention. The before mentioned cases of Miley et al or Li et al, however, are fully reproducible …